This study was undertaken to investigate the correlation between cervicovaginal microbiota, immunological factors, and race and the risk of premature birth. From a cohort of 2000 women with singleton pregnancies, 539 participated in the research with 432 delivering full term and 107 experiencing spontaneous preterm delivery. The racial breakdown consisted of 402 African American, 115 White, and 22 Other. Cervicovaginal samples and anthropomorphic measurements were collected during 3 visits: between 16-20, 20-24, and 24-28 weeks of gestation. The microbiota was characterized, immunological profiles were established, and the results evaluated according to race and delivery outcome. Data includes demographic, phenotype, clinical measures, statistical and metagenomic.