Fiber optics were implanted into the dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dBNST) of 8-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Dopamine activity was measured using GRABda signals in the dBNST during a series of behavioral experiments. Experiments includes a Pavlovian lever autoshaping (PLA) training, a reward prediction error (RPE) probe session, and a satiety test. Rats were injected with fentanyl prior to the PLA session.
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a brief online educational intervention in increasing the use of Maryland Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMP). An email was sent to clinicians in Maryland who were licensed to prescribe controlled dangerous substances. The email contained a link to a project landing page where users had to register to complete a training module. The module included a baseline questionnaire, fictional cases of clinical situations to be made before and after receiving PDMP data, orientation to the Maryland PDMP, a post-training questionnaire, and the option to participate in a follow-up survey. Data from the training module was collected between June 2018 and March 2019. PDMP use data was collected from the Chesapeake Regional Information System for our Patients (CRISP) database. 178 participants who started the training module were eligible to be included in the study.