Through a systematic review, this study collected published and unpublished data on human parainfluenza virus (hPIV) burden to estimate the global and regional number of hPIV-associated acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) cases, hospitalizations, and mortality by children under five years (stratified 0–5 months, 6–11 months, and 12–59 months) for 2018. The datasets include incidence rates of hPIV-associated ALRI, hospitalization rates of hPIV-associated ALRI, hospitalization rates of hPIV with hypoxemia, in-hospital case fatality ratios of hPIV-associated ALRI, and proportion positives of hPIV in hospitalized ALRI. The data was collected to help guide health investment priorities and resource allocation to accelerate the development of targeted prevention and treatment interventions.